サウスダコタ州の歴史 (かもしれません 2024)
ブラックヒルズは、サウスダコタ州西部とワイオミング州北東部の侵食された孤立した山岳地帯で、主にブラックヒルズ国有森林内にあります。丘はシャイアン川とベルフーシュ川の間にあり、周囲の平野から約3,000フィート（900メートル）高くなっています。サウスダコタで最も高い地点であるブラックエルクピーク（7,242フィート[2,207メートル]）で最高潮に達します。ブラックヒルズは古代の岩石の隆起の結果として形成されました。その後、小川の侵食によって山塊の高い部分が除去され、現在の地形が生み出されました。遠くからは、丸みを帯びた丘の頂上、十分に森林に覆われた斜面、深い谷が暗い外観を呈し、彼らにその名前を与えます。
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The Black Hills were a hunting ground and sacred territory of the Western Sioux Indians. At least portions of the region were also sacred to other Native American peoples—including the Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Arapaho—and the area had also been inhabited by the Crow. Rights to the region were guaranteed to Sioux and Arapaho by the Second Treaty of Fort Laramie in 1868. However, after a U.S. military expedition under George A. Custer discovered gold in the Black Hills in 1874, thousands of white gold hunters and miners swarmed into the area the following year. Native American resistance to that influx led to the Black Hills War (1876), the high point of which was the Battle of the Little Bighorn. Despite that Native American victory, the U.S. government was able to force the Sioux to relinquish their treaty rights to the Black Hills in 1877, by which time the Homestake Mine had become the largest gold mine in the United States.
Besides the old mining town of Deadwood and the Mount Rushmore National Memorial, the Black Hills’ tourist attractions include Jewel Cave National Monument, Wind Cave National Park, and Custer State Park, all in South Dakota. Devil’s Tower National Monument is located in Wyoming.
